Certificate of Sponsorship (CoS) Explained

What a CoS is, who issues it, how long it takes, and what to do if your employer says they 'can't sponsor you'.

Last reviewed: June 2026

A Certificate of Sponsorship (CoS) is a unique reference number — not a paper certificate — issued by a UK employer that holds a sponsor licence. You cannot apply for a Skilled Worker visa without one.

Who issues a CoS

Only employers who hold an active Worker licence on the Home Office Register of Licensed Sponsors. Every employer listed on our site is cross-checked against this register so you don't waste time applying to an employer that cannot sponsor you.

Defined vs undefined CoS

Defined CoS are for overseas applicants — the sponsor must request one from the Home Office for each candidate. Undefined CoS are for in-country switchers and are drawn from the sponsor's annual allocation.

Common reasons an employer says no

  • They don't hold a sponsor licence — this is the most common reason. Use our verified-sponsor filter to avoid these.
  • The role doesn't meet the salary or skill threshold.
  • They've used their annual undefined CoS allocation (rare).
  • They have a policy of not sponsoring — even though they could.

Frequently asked questions

How long does it take to get a CoS?
Once the employer commits, the CoS is usually issued within 1-4 weeks. Defined CoS requests to the Home Office are typically processed within a week.
Does receiving a CoS guarantee my visa?
No — the CoS is required for the visa application, but the Home Office still assesses your individual application against the rules.

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